BiomesInaBox

Category: Filters

  • What is the Best Type of Filter for Freshwater Aquariums?

    What is the Best Type of Filter for Freshwater Aquariums?

    Answering the question, What is the best type of filter for freshwater aquariums is incredibly hard to do with zero context. Just like many things in this hobby, it really just depends. Different filtration systems are recommended for different uses. Theoretically, you can use any filter for any situation, but doing so may not be the best option. This article will go into detail on some of the reasons one filter system may be used over another. I will discuss sponge filters, hang-on back filters, internal canister filters, canister filters, and sumps.

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    Sponge Filters

    An aquarium filter sponge, or just a sponge filter, is a very simple filtration system often used in freshwater aquariums. The mechanics behind this filter are pretty straightforward. The sponge is often built around a plastic housing, an airline tube connects to the housing, and the other end of the tube is connected to an air pump.

    The air pump blows air through the tube, which creates water movement through the sponge. This forces water to move through the sponge, and this is how the sponge filter collects debris. I have another article discussing sponge filters; consider taking a peek at Sponge Filter Use, Cleaning and Extra Tips. Sponge filters are the most basic of filtration systems, but they can be incredibly useful in certain situations.

    Best Uses for Aquarium Filter Sponge

    Sponge filters can be incredibly versatile tools in freshwater aquariums, even with their simplicity. Their “best uses” come from the combination of gentle filtration, biological support, and ease of maintenance. I usually recommend them for aquariums that have low bioloads and smaller aquariums. They can be used in larger fish tanks, but I prefer using other filtration types for those. The following are key moments I would recommend using a sponge filter.

    1. Gentle Filtration for Fry and Small Fish

    Sponge filters provide strong biological filtration without creating strong currents that could stress or injure delicate fry, baby shrimp, or sensitive species like guppies, bettas, and hatchetfish. The sponge acts as a soft barrier, preventing tiny fish from being sucked into the filter while still allowing water flow. Unlike many other filtration systems, there is essentially zero chance of fish or shrimp getting sucked into a sponge.

    2. Biological Filtration

    The porous surface of the sponge provides a large area for beneficial bacteria to colonize. These bacteria break down ammonia and nitrites into less harmful nitrates, making sponge filters excellent for supporting the nitrogen cycle. Some hobbyists go so far as to “store” extra filter sponges in other aquarium filters to use for hospital tanks in emergencies. They can also be used to seed new aquariums, which accelerates the nitrogen cycle.

    3. Supplemental Filtration in Breeding or Hospital Tanks

    Sponge filters are ideal in quarantine, hospital, or breeding tanks. They clean the water gently while minimizing the risk of harming fragile or stressed fish. Because they’re air-driven (or can be powered by a gentle pump), they don’t disturb the tank’s setup or create strong currents that could dislodge eggs or fry.

    4. Low-Cost and Energy-Efficient Filtration

    Compared to canister or hang-on-back filters, sponge filters are inexpensive, simple to install, and use minimal energy (often just an air pump). When using a good-quality air pump, they can be incredibly quiet. If you have a silent air pump, the only thing you’ll hear is a quiet hum from the motor and bubbles breaking the surface of the water. For maintenance, simply rinse the sponge in fish tank water during a water change every few weeks to keep it effective.

    Most aquarists consider changing out their sponge only when it starts to disintegrate. I recommend placing a new sponge into the aquarium weeks before removing the old one. This allows bacteria to colonize the new sponge, which will help prevent your aquarium’s nitrogen cycle from crashing.

    There are many different air pumps you can use for your sponge filter. I have used the HITOP Aquarium Air Pump for a handful of fish tanks. I enjoy using this one because it has two air hose outlets that can be used on two fish tanks. Bonus points, it’s in the shape of a shark. Don’t forget to install the check valve to make sure water does not siphon back through the tube.

    Another air pump that I recommend is the Hygger Aquarium Air Pump. It has fantastic reviews. One common thing aquarists really rave about is how quiet it is, which may or may not be rare with air pumps. The last thing you’ll need is the sponge, which the AQUANEAT 3 Pack Aquarium Sponge Filter should work without issue.

    5. Great for Planted Tanks

    Since sponge filters don’t generate strong currents, they’re perfect for planted tanks where you don’t want delicate plants uprooted or CO2-rich water disrupted. They provide excellent water movement near the surface without disturbing the substrate.

    Sponge filters shine in situations that require gentle water flow, strong biological support, and minimal risk to small or delicate fish. They’re best used in fry tanks, shrimp tanks, small community tanks, planted tanks, and quarantine setups. They’re versatile enough to supplement larger filtration systems in bigger aquariums as well.

    Downsides to Consider

    Every filter will have some drawbacks. The sponge filter, although great, is a small and inexpensive piece of equipment, so it has its flaws. The following are negatives to sponge filters.

    • Limited Mechanical Filtration
    • No Chemical Filtration
    • Takes up real estate in the aquarium

    Regardless, the sponge filter has its place in this hobby. The popularity of this filtration system has grown. It is a biological powerhouse and can hold its own in low bioload aquariums.

    Hang on Back Filters

    Next on the list are Hang-on-back (HOB) filters. They are some of the most popular and practical filtration systems in the aquarium hobby because they balance power, convenience, and versatility. Their design makes them easy to install and maintain while providing strong, multi-stage filtration. My favorite part of hang-on back filters is that they allow you to customize filter media and also to provide chemical, biological, and mechanical filtration in your aquarium.

    At the moment, the Seachem Tidal is one of my favorite hang-on-back power filters. It comes packed with an incredible number of features for such a compact design. Seachem Tidal Power Filters are made in different sizes for different needs. I recommend using power filters for aquariums with low to moderate bioloads. If you are housing large waste-producing fish or large bioload aquariums, consider looking into canister filters and sump systems. There are plenty of HOB filter brands; check out 7 Best Hang On the Back Power Filters for Freshwater Aquariums to see a handful of them. The following are a few reasons you might want to use a hang-on back filter for a fish tank.

    1. General Community Aquariums

    HOB filters are ideal for standard freshwater setups with small to medium-sized fish, like guppies, tetras, mollies, and gouramis. They provide efficient mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration, keeping water clear and healthy with minimal maintenance. The beauty of many HOB filters is their customizability. You can change filter media to fit your style, depending on the needs of your fish.

    2. Tanks Requiring Moderate to Strong Flow

    Because they create a steady current and surface agitation, HOB filters are excellent for tanks that benefit from good oxygen exchange and water movement. It’s perfect for active swimmers like danios, barbs, and rainbowfish. The flow also helps prevent stagnant areas where debris can build up. Often, additional water movement and oxygen exchange are not needed if a hang on back filter is running in your aquarium.

    3. Aquariums Where Space Inside the Tank Is Limited

    Since hang-on back filters sit outside the aquarium, they save valuable interior space for fish, plants, or decorations. This is especially useful for smaller aquariums or aquascaped tanks where aesthetics matter. Unlike a sponge filter that can take prime real estate in an aquarium, the only thing you’ll see in your aquarium with a HOB filter is the intake tube.

    4. Tanks Needing Easy Maintenance

    One of the biggest benefits of HOB filters is accessibility. You can change cartridges, rinse sponges, or adjust media without disturbing your aquascape. This makes them fantastic for beginner aquarists or anyone who prefers quick, low-hassle maintenance.

    5. Supplemental Filtration for Larger Tanks

    In larger setups, a HOB filter can serve as a secondary or backup filter to boost circulation and biological filtration alongside a canister or sponge filter. Many aquarists use them to polish the water or run chemical media (like activated carbon or Purigen) to remove discoloration and odors.

    6. Great for Quarantine or Backup Systems

    Because they’re easy to move and install, HOB filters are a good option for temporary or quarantine tanks. Personally, I prefer using sponge filters for quarantine tanks, but to each their own. You can even keep spare sponges and other media in the hang-on back filter media basket for easy removal. The media, such as a sponge, will be seeded with bacteria, making it great to pull for a quarantine or hospital tank.

    Downsides to Consider

    HOB filters are fantastic, and perhaps the most popular filtration system available. They’re not perfect, and there are some downsides to running power filters.

    • Waterfall creates noise
    • Takes up external space
    • Re-Priming issues

    Not all hang on back filters are created the same. Some have motors that sit inside the fish tank. This makes the final point of re-priming issues negligible. However, some filters have external motors. When the power goes out, there is a likely chance that the filter will not re-prime itself (start a siphon). The motor will turn on, but it must be primed again to get water moving. This can cause issues with your motor running dry, overheating, and burning out.

    Internal Canister Filter

    People either love or hate internal canister filters. They have their space in the hobby, and the love for these filters seems to be growing. However, many people lean towards using sponge filters, HOB filters, or external canister filters over these. Once I gave an internal canister filter a shot, I began to really enjoy using them. The following are a handful of reasons why you might want to use an internal canister filter. There are some downsides to using this filter.

    1. Medium-Sized and Medium Stocked Tanks

    Internal canister filters work well for medium aquariums (20–55 gallons) or tanks with a low to moderate bioload. I would personally not use this as the main filter for Mbuna & Peacock aquariums, but I would consider using an internal canister for an aquarium that houses one or a few medium-sized cichlids. An internal canister should have no issue handling the bioload of a pair of angelfish. I would use an internal canister filter as a supplemental form of filtration and for additional water movement, for heavily stocked fish tanks.

    2. Aquariums Without Room for External Filters

    If your tank setup doesn’t allow space behind or under the aquarium (such as wall-mounted tanks, custom stands, or aquariums against a solid wall), internal canisters are perfect. They sit neatly inside the tank, keeping the setup compact and self-contained.

    3. Turtle or Semi-Aquatic Setups

    Because they operate fully underwater, internal canister filters are ideal for turtle tanks, paludariums, or shallow aquariums where a HOB filter might lose suction. They handle waste better than simpler sponge systems. Internal Canisters can be large in size, so very shallow paludariums may not be able to use them.

    4. Strong Biological and Mechanical Filtration in Smaller Tanks

    Internal canisters often feature multiple chambers for different filter media. You can often use sponges, ceramic rings, activated carbon, and other filter media. This provides true multi-stage filtration without requiring an external unit. This makes them excellent for planted or display tanks that need crystal-clear water.

    5. Quieter Filtration Solutions

    Since the entire unit operates underwater, internal canister filters are remarkably quiet, making them ideal for bedrooms, offices, or other spaces where noise is a concern. For some of us, this is a game-changer. I love my aquariums, but I also enjoy sleeping in silence. The sound of flowing water drives me crazy when I am trying to sleep. This is partly why I do not keep aquariums in my bedroom. I may test an internal canister filter in my bedroom one day to see how silent it truly is.

    If you’re in the market for internal canister filters, consider giving the Sicce Shark PRO Internal Aquarium Filter or OASE Bioplus a shot. At the time of this writing, I have a Sicce Shark PRO Nano waiting to be used, and I am incredibly excited to give it a test run.

    Downsides to Consider

    Internal canisters are fun devices, and as stated earlier, have their place in the hobby. They’re quite versatile, but do have their drawbacks. The following are a few that I can name.

    • Visually Intrusive by taking up space inside the fish tank
    • Compact, which makes small spaces for media
    • Mess can be made when pulling the filter out for maintenance

    Some might not be bothered by the small media space, but it’s definitely something to think about when considering fish stocking.

    Canister Filter

    Next, we are moving on to the external canister filter. These filters are powerhouses, often used for heavily stocked aquariums, aquariums with large fish, or enormous fish tanks. They come in a variety of sizes and fill a variety of needs. Canister filters make room for mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration and are fully customizable to your specifications.

    Fluval Canister filters are often considered some of the best canisters, but there are many options to choose from based on budget. The Fluval 207 covers the needs of aquariums up to 45 gallons, and the titan, that is the Fluval FX6 Canister Filter is rated for fish tanks up to 400 gallons. The following are situations where I would recommend using a canister filter.

    1. Large or Heavily Stocked Aquariums

    Canister filters shine in tanks 40 gallons and up, especially with large or messy fish like cichlids, goldfish, or plecos. They can handle high bioloads with ease and maintain stable, clean conditions even in demanding environments. Larger fish produce larger waste. Sometimes this waste cannot be removed with hang on back filters or other filtration systems. That is where the canister filter shines.

    2. Display and Planted Aquariums

    Because the entire unit sits outside the tank, canister filters keep the interior looking clean and uncluttered. Besides the intake and outtake tubes, there is no bulky equipment visible inside an aquarium. They’re perfect for show aquariums or planted tanks where aesthetics matter, and you can customize the media for gentle flow and water clarity.

    3. Tanks Requiring Customizable Filtration

    Canister filters often have multiple media baskets, letting you tailor filtration to your specific needs. Whether that’s to boost biological filtration with ceramic rings, polishing water with fine floss, or removing tannins with activated carbon. This customization makes them an incredibly adaptable option.

    4. Aquariums Needing Strong Circulation

    These filters provide excellent flow and turnover, helping distribute heat and oxygen evenly throughout the tank. This can be crucial for large aquariums or those with dense aquascapes. Dead spots in water can cause detritus and debris to build up, which is not great to have happen.

    5. Quiet and Efficient Long-Term Operation

    Once primed and running, canister filters are extremely quiet. Their sealed design also reduces evaporation and splashing, which helps maintain stable water parameters over time.

    Downsides to Consider

    The size and versatility of canister filters make them incredible for large fish tanks. However, with this comes some drawbacks. I’ve used plenty of canister filters in the past, and the following are flaws to using them.

    • Cleaning can be time-consuming, as the unit must be disconnected and opened for maintenance
    • Can be bulky, requiring cabinet space below or beside the aquarium
    • If not maintained, flow can decrease over time as debris clogs the media
    • Improper setup (like kinked hoses or air leaks) can cause performance issues
    • More expensive upfront

    Canister filters are ideal for large or heavily stocked tanks, high-end planted aquariums, and situations where water clarity and stability are critical. While they require more effort to maintain, their performance, quiet operation, and flexibility make them one of the best filtration systems available for serious hobbyists.

    Sump System

    A sump is essentially a secondary tank, usually located below the main aquarium, that houses filtration equipment, media, and sometimes additional gear like heaters, skimmers, or probes. Water from the display tank flows down into the sump (via an overflow system), gets filtered through multiple stages, and is then pumped back up into the main tank. This setup not only provides exceptional filtration capacity but also improves water stability and gives aquariums a clean, equipment-free look.

    If you’re in the market for a sump system, but don’t want to break the bank on a pre-built unit. Consider purchasing an adjustable sump baffle kit. These kits are made to fit different aquarium sizes, and are often quite cheaper than purchasing a pre-built sump. Leave room for a return pump and access to plumbing when sizing out each stage of the sump system.

    1. Large or High-Bioload Aquariums

    Sumps are ideal for large tanks (75+ gallons) or those with heavy bioloads, such as cichlid tanks, discus setups, or marine systems. They dramatically increase total water volume, which helps dilute waste and stabilize parameters. This is something smaller filters can’t match.

    2. Advanced Freshwater and Saltwater Displays

    Because all the filtration and heating equipment can be stored out of sight in the sump, the main tank looks clean and natural. This makes sump systems the top choice for planted aquascapes, reef tanks, and show tanks, where aesthetics matter as much as performance.

    3. Custom and Modular Filtration Needs

    Sumps are highly customizable. You can include filter socks, sponge stages, bio-media chambers, reactors, or even refugiums for live plants and beneficial bacteria. This modular design lets you fine-tune your filtration for any setup.

    4. Improved Water Stability and Oxygenation

    Because sump systems increase total water volume and surface agitation, they make temperature and chemistry changes more gradual and help maintain excellent oxygen exchange. This is particularly valuable for sensitive species like discus.

    5. Quiet, Hidden Operation

    When properly designed, sump systems are very quiet and eliminate the need for bulky equipment in the display tank. Heaters, probes, and even CO₂ diffusers can all live in the sump, keeping the main tank uncluttered.

    Downsides to Consider

    • More complex to set up than standard filters. Requires plumbing, an overflow system, and a return pump
    • Higher upfront cost, especially if built custom or professionally installed.
    • More space is required, as a sump usually sits under the tank in a stand or cabinet
    • If not properly designed, flooding can occur during power outages or overflows
    • Maintenance can involve cleaning filter socks, managing pumps, and occasionally refilling evaporated water

    Sump systems excel in large or heavily stocked tanks and allow near-endless customization of filtration and equipment. While they require more setup, space, and maintenance than simpler filters, their performance and expandability make them the gold standard for advanced freshwater systems.

    Final Notes

    The best filter is the one that is properly sized and maintained for your specific aquarium ecosystem. There is no single “perfect” device; rather, a spectrum of tools designed to meet different needs. The Sponge Filter is ideal for breeding and fry tanks where gentle flow is a necessity. The Hang-on-Back (HOB) Filter offers the best balance of simplicity, customizable media, and easy maintenance for small to mid-sized tanks. For large, heavily stocked, or complex aquascapes where maximizing filtration volume and minimizing visual clutter are key, the powerful Canister Filter is the superior choice.

    Always remember that a filter’s efficiency is only as good as its biological media, and no filter can replace the necessity of consistent, partial water changes. Choose a filter system that is easy for you to maintain, and you will set your tank up for long-term health and success.

  • Can I Use a Hang On Back Filter For Saltwater Fish Tanks?

    Can I Use a Hang On Back Filter For Saltwater Fish Tanks?

    There is a lot that goes into setting up an aquarium. Saltwater fish tanks are especially demanding when you first get them started in regard to water chemistry and equipment costs. Once everything gets going, keeping a successful saltwater fish tank is not too much harder than freshwater. However, things can go wrong quickly and the effects can be costly. Filtration systems are an important aspect of successfully keeping a saltwater aquarium and this article will focus on answering whether you can use a hang on back filter for saltwater fish tanks.

    To put it simply, of course, you can use a hang on back filter for your saltwater fish tank. This goes both for fish-only and reef tanks. At the time of this writing, I am running a successful reef tank using a hang on back filter. However, the answer isn’t black and white. It’s more important to ask, when is the best time to use a hang on back filter compared to another type of filtration.

    When Should You Use a Hang On Back Filter?

    In my opinion, the best time to use this type of filtration is when working with small fish tanks. Hang on back filters are great, but at a certain point, they bottleneck to how much filtering they can provide. For example, I have an AquaClear 70 (affiliate link) running on a 10 gallon reef tank. I felt this size filter best suits the aquarium because it provides plenty of water flow for the fish tank and the filter itself is large, which has more space for filter media and/or bio-media to help keep my aquarium running successfully. Take a look at the 7 Best Hang On Back Power Filters to see different types of hang on back filters available.

    To maximize the effects of the filtration system, I use the media tray to keep a combination of sponges, filter floss, ceramic media, and chaetomorpha (with a light above). The sponges and filter floss will trap solid waste, the ceramic media provide surface area for beneficial bacteria to grow, and the chaeto with light soak up nitrates and phosphate out of the water. This hopefully will maximize the filtering capacity of my hang on back filter. Check out How To Setup a Refugium in a Saltwater Aquarium to learn about refugium systems.

    The space in the filter is limited, and that’s why it eventually bottlenecks and will not provide enough media and space to successfully filter your water if you’re setting up a larger aquarium. At a certain aquarium size you’ll need to add more hang on back filters or you’re better off using a sump system for a filter.

    What is the Best Hang On Back Filter?

    Which filter is best, is completely up to you. I enjoy using the AquaClear series filters because the media tray is large and it allows me to gut it and add whatever media suits my needs. There can be better types of power filters that work well for you. If you’re looking for a specific dimension for AquaClear filters, take a look at Fluval AquaClear HOB – Specs, Dimensions, Etc. to give yourself an idea of the options out there.

    Final Notes

    The filter that works best for you will be determined by the bio-load of your fish tank, the space you have available, and the size of the aquarium itself. What works incredibly well for me, may not be your style or it may not suit what you want out of a filter system. Regardless, it is perfectly safe to use a hang on back filter for a saltwater fish tank. It’s a fairly inexpensive tool, that may be all you need to run a successful nano fish tank.

  • Do Hang On Back Filters Provide Oxygen?

    Do Hang On Back Filters Provide Oxygen?

    Hang on back filters have been a part of this hobby for a long time. They have done great providing filtration and they continue to help clean our aquariums. Many curious aquarists want to know whether hang on back filters provide oxygen. The simple answer is yes they do provide oxygen to your aquarium. I’ll go into detail how it accomplishes this.

    Where Does the Oxygen Come From?

    Your filter system helps move water around your fish tank. Every hang on back aquarium filter I have seen creates a waterfall that outputs water back into your aquarium. This is the source of where oxygen is produced. The water formed by the waterfall comes in contact with the air. While it’s flowing into your aquarium, it “catches” small oxygen particles out of the air, which then go into your aquarium. Oxygen exchange does not stop there either. When the water from the filter comes in contact with your aquarium water, it creates a ripple. Just like the waterfall, these ripples grab oxygen out of the air and add them to your aquarium.

    To get oxygen into your fish tank, it is important to have something whether it’s a filter, air pump, or circulation pump breaking the water’s surface. You will get the most oxygen exchange there.

    What About Air Pumps?

    The bubbles formed by air pumps do not produce high amounts of oxygen for your fish tank. Most are simply to big to be absorbed by the water. Just like a hang on back filter, the air pump creates ripples in the water when the bubbles reach the surface. The ripples will catch oxygen out of the air and add it into the water. Generally, you do not need an air pump for your aquarium if you have other equipment breaking the water’s surface. However, most aquariums benefit from more oxygen, and an air pump is a great way to accomplish that.

    Final Notes

    A hang on back aquarium filter is a versatile piece of equipment that does many things. They provide filtration, water circulation, and assist in adding oxygen to the aquarium. I have enjoyed using HOB filters in many of my aquariums, and will continue to do so. If you are on the hunt for a HOB filter, check out 7 Best Hang On Back Filters for Freshwater Aquariums.

  • Fluval Aquaclear HOB Filter – Specs, Dimensions, etc.

    Fluval Aquaclear HOB Filter – Specs, Dimensions, etc.

    Aquaclear Hang on the back Summary

    The Aquaclear Power Filter series is a fantastic filtration system with all shapes and sizes for most standard aquariums. It is one that I have used in the past and plan on using for future aquarium builds. It provides biological, chemical, and mechanical filtration for your fish tank and has an entirely customizable media basket. This article will go into detail about each Aquaclear HOB Filter. If you have used Aquaclear Filters and are interested in other brands, check out the 7 Best Hang-On Back Power Filters for Freshwater Aquariums, otherwise continue reading!

    Table Of Contents
    1. Aquaclear 20 A-595
    2. Fluval AquaClear 30 A-600
    3. Fluval AquaClear 50
    4. Fluval AquaClear 70 A-615
    5. Fluval AquaClear 110
    6. AquaClear Instructions & Installation
    7. Final Notes

    Aquaclear 20 A-595

    The Aquaclear 20 Power Filter is rated for fish tanks between 5 and 20 gallons. You can check it out on sale at Amazon by following this link. Out of the box, this power filter comes with foam sponges, activated carbon, and BioMax. The AquaClear 20 filter flow rate is roughly 100 gallons per hour (378 liters per hour) at its maximum. You can adjust the flow of this filtration system to fit your needs. The minimum flow rate is 33 gallons per hour (125 liters per hour). This HOB filter has a media basket that allows you to easily swap out filter media. AquaClear branded media is available to make switching out filter media incredibly simple. This model’s filter media will have a large 20 labeled on the box.

    I would recommend purchasing bulk media such as activated carbon and foam sponges. Those are things that will more than likely need to be switched out over time. You may not require ammonia remover if you have an established fish tank. An established fish tank should not have increased levels of ammonia. If you own loose filter media, you can purchase AquaClear 20 Nylon Bags to add your filter media.

    AquaClear 20 Dimensions

    This filter is small and compact but still provides plenty of power to keep your fish tank clean! The AquaClear 20 dimensions are 4 7/8″ x 4″ x 5 3/4″ (LxWxH). If you’re using the metric system to measure the dimensions they are 11.75cm x 10.25cm x 14.75cm. Most of the filters will hang on the outside of the aquarium. The only piece inside the fish tank will be the intake tube. This allows you to have plenty of space for aquascaping!

    How Much Electricity Does AquaClear 20 Use?

    The AquaClear 20 does not use much electricity at all. When running this little filter will use 6W. This isn’t too much energy considering a filter is a fairly important tool we use in fishkeeping.

    Fluval AquaClear 30 A-600

    The AquaClear 30 Hang-on Filter is rated for aquariums up to 30 gallons. You can check out the Aquaclear 30 on Amazon. This model comes included with a Foam Sponge, Activated Carbon, and BioMax. The AquaClear 30 Power Filter has a little more power to it than its smaller counterpart. The AquaClear 30 flow rate will max out at 150 gallons (568 liters) per hour and has a minimum flow rate of 50 gallons (190 liters) per hour. Similar to other AquaClear filters this one has filter media specifically designed to fit its media basket. You will see a large 30 on filter media boxes rated for the AquaClear 30.

    This HOB filter also has a media basket that allows you to mix and match different filter media. There are AquaClear branded media available to purchase to make your life easier. The filter media is appropriately sized to easily fit into your filter. This model’s filter media will have a large 30 labeled on the box.

    AquaClear 30 Dimensions

    This filter has a little larger footprint compared to the AquaClear 20. The only difference in size between AC20 and AC30 is the length. The AquaClear 30 dimensions are 6″ x 4″ x 5 3/4″ (LxWxH). For anyone using the metric system, that is 15.25 cm x 10.25 cm x 14.75 cm. This is a filter that is just a little larger but benefits from an increased flow rate and more space for filter media.

    How Much Electricity Does AquaClear 30 Use?

    It might be surprising, but like the AquaClear 20, the AquaClear 30 also only uses 6W of energy. With this filter, you get more surface area for biological, chemical, and mechanical filtration and more water flow.

    Fluval AquaClear 50

    The AquaClear 50 filter is designed for aquariums of up to 50 gallons. Check it out on Amazon here. This filter model will come included with AquaClear Foam Sponge, Activated Carbon, and BioMax. The AquaClear 50 flow rate will max out at 200 gallons (757 liters) per hour. On the other hand, it can be dialed down to have a minimum flow rate of 66 gallons (250 liters) per hour. So far each filter increases the max flow rate by intervals of 50 gallons per hour. The pump will intake water which will feed through the filter housing. Like the other AquaClear hang-on filters, the housing will have a media basket that will help provide mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration.

    AquaClear 50 Dimensions

    AquaClear 50 dimensions will remain roughly the same as the smaller models. The only thing larger with this model is the length. AquaClear 50 Power Filter is 7″ x 4″ 5 3/4″ (LxWxH). If you prefer seeing these measurements in centimeters, they are 17.75cm x 10.25cm x 14.75cm. Overall, it is not much larger than the AquaClear 30 but benefits from providing more flow and more surface area for filter media.

    How Much Electricity Does AquaClear 50 Use?

    Similar to the smaller hang-on-the-back models, the AquaClear only uses 6W of energy. This filter might be a little overkill for smaller fish tanks, but it may still be great for 20 or even 30-gallon aquariums.

    Fluval AquaClear 70 A-615

    The AquaClear 70 is rated for aquariums up to 70 gallons. Pick it up on Amazon by following this link. However, if I have an aquarium this large with a well-stocked fish tank I would consider using a canister filter and maybe supplement the fish tank with this filter. Heavily planted aquariums will probably get by with an AquaClear 70 but fish tanks with high-bioload fish will, in my opinion, require something more.

    Anyway, the AquaClear 70 flow rate will max out at about 300 gallons (1135 liters) per hour. You can adjust the flow and at its minimum, this filter will pump water at about 100 gallons (380 liters) per hour. This filter increases the flow rate in the aquarium by 100 gallons per hour, compared to the AquaClear 50.

    It comes included with Activated Carbon, Foam Sponges, and AquaClear BioMax. When hunting for filter media replacements look for AquaClear boxes with a large 70 labeled on them.

    AquaClear 70 Dimensions

    We see an increase in length, width, and height for the AquaClear 70 dimensions. The AquaClear 70 is 8 1/4″ x 6″ x 8″ (LxWxH). For our friends that use the metric system, the dimensions are 21cm x 15.25cm x 20.5cm. That is a fairly large increase in size which will help your aquarium become filtered successfully. Remember, you can’t over-filter your aquarium!

    How Much Electricity Does AquaClear 70 Use?

    The AquaClear 70 only uses 6W of energy. It’s a little much for smaller aquariums but great for 40, 55, or 75-gallon fish tanks. If the flow is adjusted, it may work on a 30-gallon aquarium.

    Fluval AquaClear 110

    We have finally gotten to the largest AquaClear Power filter. The AquaClear 110 Filter is a behemoth. You can pick up the AquaClear 110 Filter on Amazon! It is rated for aquariums up to 110 gallons. The AquaClear 110 flow rate will max out at 500 gallons (1890 liters) per hour! At its minimum, this power filter will output water at 166 gallons (630 liters) per hour. As stated above, I would personally choose a canister filter if I have a large bio-load over a power filter of this size. Luckily, in this hobby there is no single correct way of doing something right, so do what works best for you.

    This power filter model will come included with Activated Cabon, BioMax, and Foam sponges. When shopping for filter media, replacements for the AquaClear 110 will have a large “110” label on the box.

    AquaClear 110 Dimensions

    The dimensions for the AquaClear 110, are larger than all of the other models. This hang on the back filter is 13 1/2″ x 6 3/4″ x 9″ (LxWxH). For metric system visitors that translates to 34.5cm x 17.25cm x 23cm. This provides plenty of space for filter media and plenty of surface area for beneficial bacteria.

    How Much Electricity Does AquaClear 110 Use?

    The AquaClear 110 power filter uses a little more electricity compared to the other models. This model uses 14W of energy. It is not incredibly more but just know that it does consume a little more electricity.

    AquaClear Instructions & Installation

    The AquaClear hang-on filter is incredibly easy to install. After opening the box, you can remove the filter media from inside the housing. Make sure that all plastic wrapping is removed. I have known new aquarium keepers that tried running the filter with media still wrapped in plastic packaging. You can start putting the filter together. Here is how I would recommend installing your AquaClear filter:

    1. Prepare Filter Media inserts (rinse carbon, transfer BioMax, etc.)
    2. Install filter media inserts in the media basket and place the media basket into filter
    3. Attach the Intake U Tube to filter
    4. Attach the Leveling device
    5. Mount power filter onto aquarium & adjust leveling device
    6. Add water into Power Filter Housing, and fill the housing with water
    7. Plug the power cord into the electrical outlet

    Here is an AquaClear manual that shows the specs, parts list, and instructions for AquaClear filters. The manual also provides a list of replacement parts and troubleshooting information at the end, including tips on what to do if your AquaClear filter is not working.

    Final Notes

    Hopefully, this article helps give you a rundown on the different AquaClear models and you can decide which will work best for you. Overall, I think the AquaClear brand is fantastic and very reliable. I love the media basket because it gives you a little more versatility and control over what you can add and use. If you have any experience with AquaClear filters let me know! Already have a filter and looking for a heater? Check out this guide that discusses some of the best heaters available in this hobby!

  • 7 Best Hang On the Back Power Filters for Freshwater Aquariums

    7 Best Hang On the Back Power Filters for Freshwater Aquariums

    Power Filter Summary

    The hang on the back aquarium filter is probably one of the most commonly used filtration systems for freshwater aquariums. It is also used from time to time in nano saltwater fish tanks. This filtration system is easy to set up and as a bonus easy to maintain. They also provide most of what you need to keep your fish tank clean. There are many different hang on the back (HOB) filtration systems and each one excels something a little different. This article will discuss some of the best hang-on-the-back filters that can be used in this hobby! The filters are not listed in any particular order but I will discuss the features of some so you can choose which is best for you.

    1. Aquaclear Power Filter

    The Aquaclear Power Filter is a great filtration system for freshwater aquariums. It is very easy to maintain because it has a tray that holds all of the filter media. This tray also allows you to add biological, mechanical, and chemical filtration or you can customize it to your specific needs. You’re able to add or mix and match Aquaclear Activated Carbon, Aquaclear Foam Inserts, Aquaclear Biomax, and more! There are many different Aquaclear Power Filter sizes:

    If I plan on setting up larger aquariums I begin considering setting up canister filters or sump systems instead of hang on back filters. Large fish tanks will most likely have more stock or larger fish so they will require a larger filtration system. Hang on the back filters are perfect for smaller to mid-sized aquariums. This is just personal preference. Do what works best for you.

    2. Tetra Whisper Power Filter

    If you’re not looking for as much customization as the Aquaclear has, take a look at the Tetra Whisper Power Filters. This filter system is fairly simple. It still gives you the option to utilize mechanical, biological and chemical filtering, but it is simplified. The Tetra Whisper has a bio-bag (mechanical filtering) and you can fill the bio-bag with activated carbon (chemical filtering). Bio-foam should also be provided to create biological filtering as well. Filter setup and maintenance is easy. Filter media simply slides into slots. Each filter requires a different-sized Bio-Bag. There are 3 different sizes: small, medium, and large. Be sure to match the bio-bag to the filter you have. The Tetra Whisper comes in a few different sizes:

    Most of the Tetra Whisper Power Filters have flow-adjusting knobs however, the PF10 does not. I know that many users of this product are about adjusting the flow so I wanted to put it out there.

    3. Aqueon Quiet Flow LED PRO Power Filter

    Aqueon QuietFlow LED PRO Power Filter is a well-made hang on the back filter that does what it is made to do. Like the Tetra Whisper, the Aqueon QuietFlow HOB filters come with cartridges that can be replaced when needed. The nice and unique thing about the Aqueon hang on the back filter is its LED filter cartridge change indicator. The light will flash when the cartridge needs changing. It’s a unique feature that can help many of us who are forgetful and don’t always remember to change cartridges. There are many different sizes for this filter, they are:

    QuietFlow 10 Filters require Small cartridges, the QuietFlow 20, 30, and 50 require medium, and the QuietFlow 90 requires 2 large cartridges. The filter will still provide mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration for your aquarium, which is great. The cartridge filled with carbon provides both chemical and mechanical filtration. Also, Aqueon’s HOB filters have Bioholsters that provide biological filtration. It’s not recommended to clean this when changing cartridges because the bioholster holds a lot of beneficial bacteria.

    4. Marineland Penguin BIO-Wheel

    The Marineland Penguin Power Filter is a unique filtration system because its biological filtering is done using a BIO-Wheel. Like the Tetra and Aqueon brands, the Marineland Penguin Power Filters also use cartridges filled with activated carbon to filter the aquarium chemically and mechanically. Like all the other power filters in this article, the Marineland Power Filters come in varying sizes for different aquarium needs, they are:

    The Marineland Penguin BIO-Wheel Power Filters have different-sized cartridges. Be sure to keep your box around or keep track of your filter’s size. The Penguin 75 and 100 use A-sized cartridges, Penguin 150 uses B-sized cartridges, and the Penguin 200 and 300 use C-sized cartridges.

    5. Fluval C Series Clip-On Filter

    The Fluval C Series Power Filter is interesting. This HOB filter has different compartments for chemical, mechanical, and biological filtration. Each compartment can be individually removed to clean or swap out. This filter also has a pop-up cleaning indicator that tells you when your foam pads need replacing! It’s a well-loaded filter and may not be as commonly found as many others. It comes in varying sizes, they are:

    This filter is more complex than many of the others. If you enjoy tinkering, and having control of individual compartments, check out the Fluval C Series Clip-on filters. Unless you’re well versed in DIY, Fluval makes filter media specifically for the C Series filters which will make your life easier.

    6. Aquatop UV Power Filter

    I couldn’t help but include the Aquatop UV power filter in this list. Mainly because, as the name states, this filter has a UV Sterilizer built into it. This may be useful for fish keepers who keep their fish tanks closer to windows which may create a bloom of algae in the water, giving the water a green tint. This filter will also come loaded to provide mechanical and chemical filtration as well as a self-adjusting surface skimmer. There are a few different models for different-sized aquariums, they are:

    • PF15-UV – (rated up to 15 gallons)
    • PF25-UV – (rated up to 25 gallons)
    • PF40-UV – (rated up to 40 gallons)

    It’s unique to see UV Sterilization built into a hang on back filter. You may see it in a canister filter or as a stand-alone piece of equipment but it’s new to see on a HOB. If you’re interested in this sort of equipment, definitely consider checking out this power filter.

    7. Seachem Tidal Power Filter

    The Seachem Tidal Power Filter is a sleek-looking filtration system with some very cool features. The first that caught my eye off the bat is the Heater holder! Unfortunately, it is not included with the Tidal 35 units, but the larger units have this option. I would not put a heater into a hang-on-the-back filter, but it’s nice to have the option to attach it to the side of it. The Seachem Tidal Power Filters also have a self-priming pump, surface skimmer, dual water intakes, and a few other features. It is a nice-looking filter that comes in a few different sizes, which are:

    This filter has a lot of features from other HOB filter systems and combines them into one to create a pretty solid piece of equipment. If you’re interested in a filter system with a lot of different features, check out the Seachem Tidal Power Filter line!

    Final Notes

    There are many unique HOB filters available to purchase. There isn’t a single best hang on the back power filter, it is all personal preference. I wanted to share a variety of them with many different features to see which will work best for you. Whether you prefer simplicity or customizations, there is a filter for you. If you’re working with nano fish tanks and want a different filtration system, check out this guide on How To Use and work With Sponge Filters!

  • Sponge Filter Use, Cleaning and Extra Tips

    Sponge Filter Use, Cleaning and Extra Tips

    Sponge Filter Use Summary

    Sponge filters are one of the many different types of filtration systems used in aquariums. They are often used for breeding fish tanks, oddly shaped aquariums that cannot use other filters, low tech tanks, hospital/quarantine tanks and much more. They’re a great filter system with just a few limitations. They will take up space in the fish tank, so you will need to consider where you want to place your sponge filter. Also, the sponge filter provides mechanical and biological filtration for your aquarium. Overall, this filter type is great to use but if you’re looking for more customizable filters check out hang on the back filters, canister filters, and/or sump systems.

    An aquarium sponge filter is more commonly used in freshwater but it can also be used as a supplemental form of water movement in smaller saltwater fish tanks. They are often used as living spaces for beneficial bacteria and are fairly cheap and easy to maintain. This article will discuss how a sponge filter works in a fish tank, cleaning, and it will recommend sponge filters for different fish tanks.

    How Does a Sponge Filter Work in a Fish Tank?

    A sponge filter for a fish tank will consist of an air pump, airline tubing, and sponge as a filter. The air pump is connected to the sponge through tubing. Air flows from the pump, through the tube, and up through the center of the sponge. This causes water to flow through the sponge which traps debris, food, and fish waste. The air floats up to the top of the aquarium and breaks the surface of the water which provides oxygen for the fish tank.

    Sponge Filter Use Advice

    There are a few things I will cover which may be redundant for more experienced aquarium keepers but beneficial for newcomers. Certain air pumps will come with check valves. These valves prevent water from coming back through the tube and into the air pump. If your pump does not come included with this, I highly recommend purchasing one. You can follow this link to purchase a check valve off Amazon. It’s a good safety feature. Also, the air pump does NOT belong on the water. It stays on the outside of the fish tank. The tube and sponge are the only things that should touch water. Also, be mindful of the different size pumps because many are rated for different sized aquariums. Air pumps almost always must be purchased separately from the sponge. Adjustable air pumps, like this one from Amazon, are some of my favorite to use because you can change the flow that goes through the tube.

    How to Clean a Filter Sponge in Fish Tank

    Cleaning a fish tank filter sponge is fairly simple but not everyone does it correctly. A lot of people will take it to the sink and rinse the sponge thoroughly with tap water. This is something I do not recommend because it will strip the sponge of all the built up beneficial bacteria living within. The best and probably easiest way to clean an aquarium sponge filter is to kill two birds with one stone and clean it during your water changes.

    Water changes require you to remove water from your fish tank. We normally take the water out and drain it into a bucket. Once the water is in the bucket, use that to clean the sponge filter. All you have to do is disconnect the sponge from the airline tubing, put it in the bucket water, squeeze it a few times, and shake it around to remove debris that may be built up in there. Once that is completed, reconnect the sponge to the airline tubing and place it back into your fish tank. This will prevent losing all of your beneficial bacteria but still does a good job of removing debris from the sponge.

    Aquarium Sponge Filter Sizes

    Sponge filters and air pumps come in different sizes, shapes and styles. The table below has provides information on different sized sponge filters, air pumps and tubing (if needed). Different sponges and air pump brands can be purchased and used but this is a general list of each you can use. There are also accessories that may not come included with your sponge filter kit. As stated above, check valves are highly recommended. If you’re using your air pump to simply provide water movement and oxygenation, you can use an air stone instead of a sponge.

    10 Gallon Fish Tank Sponge10 Gallon Air PumpAirline Tubing (if needed)
    20 Gallon Fish Tank Sponge 20 Gallon Air Pump Airline Tubing (if needed)
    30 Gallon Fish Tank Sponge 30 Gallon Air Pump Airline Tubing (if needed)
    40 Gallon Fish Tank Sponge 40 Gallon Air Pump Airline Tubing (if needed)
    55 Gallon Fish Tank Sponge 55 Gallon Air Pump Airline Tubing (if needed)
    75 Gallon Fish Tank Sponge 75 Gallon Air Pump Airline Tubing (if needed)

    Final Notes

    Sponge filters are a very versatile and useful form of filtration for fish tanks. Although they are not often used with larger fish, they’re a great way to filter water with fish, shrimp, and other inverts that have a low bioload. They’re also fantastic for providing additional oxygen and water movement into an aquarium. If you’re looking to setup a new fish tank consider an aquarium sponge filter!

    Image by Ofkun on wikiMedia